What does "VDU" represent in the context of refining processes?

The term "VDU" stands for Vacuum Distillation Unit in the context of refining processes. This unit is crucial in the crude oil refining process, as it is utilized to separate heavier fractions from distilled crude oil at lower pressures. By operating under a vacuum, the boiling points of the components are significantly reduced, allowing for the distillation of materials that would otherwise decompose or be difficult to separate at atmospheric pressure.

In a Vacuum Distillation Unit, the separation process helps maximize the yields of valuable lighter fractions, such as gasoline and diesel, while also enabling the processing of heavier oils or residues that can be converted into further valuable products. This process is essential for improving the efficiency and economics of a refinery, as it allows for the recovery of additional valuable products from the heavier components of crude oil, which might otherwise be left unutilized.